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Lesson Plan Template

  • Grade

  • Subject

  • Section

First

Math

​

  • Competency

Subtraction strategies up to 20 (1)

  • Aligned Standards

Operations and Algebraic Thinking

  • Strand

1.OA.B.4

  • Vocabulary

  • Fact Family: A group of related addition and subtraction sentences that use the same numbers.
  • Addition Sentence: A mathematical sentence that shows the sum of two numbers.
  • Subtraction Sentence: A mathematical sentence that shows the difference between two numbers.

Balancing Acts

Relate Sentences for Addition and Subtraction

Prerequisite Skill

Determine Ways to Make a Number (addition sentences, up to 10)

Materials and Preparation

  • Whiteboard and markers
  • Flashcards with addition and subtraction problems
  • TeachTastic Worksheet Pack for fact families
  • Pencils and erasers

Learning Objectives

  • Students will understand the concept of fact families.
  • Students will be able to identify and write addition and subtraction sentences that form a fact family.
  • Students will demonstrate their ability to relate addition and subtraction sentences.

Introduction

Begin the lesson by discussing the relationship between addition and subtraction. Explain that addition and subtraction are inverse operations. Introduce the concept of fact families using the example: "If 2 + 6 = 8, then 8 - 6 = 2." Show how these sentences are related.

Explicit Instruction/Teacher modeling

Explain how to identify and write fact families. Use the following steps:

  1. Identify the Addition Sentence: Start with an addition sentence, such as 5 + 4 = 9.
  2. Write the Related Addition Sentence: Reverse the order of the addends: 4 + 5 = 9.
  3. Identify the Subtraction Sentences: Use the sum and each addend to write the related subtraction sentences: 9 - 5 = 4 and 9 - 4 = 5.
  4. Combine the Sentences into a Fact Family: 5 + 4 = 9, 4 + 5 = 9, 9 - 5 = 4, 9 - 4 = 5.

Using the example problem, demonstrate:

  • "If 5 + 4 = 9, then 9 - 5 = 4." Show the entire fact family for these numbers.

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Guided Practice

Provide students with new problems and solve them together:

  1. "If 3 + 6 = 9, then 9 - 6 = ?"
    • Solution: 9 - 6 = 3
  2. "If 2 + 7 = 9, then 9 - 7 = ?"
    • Solution: 9 - 7 = 2
  3. "If 1 + 8 = 9, then 9 - 8 = ?"
    • Solution: 9 - 8 = 1 Use the TeachTastic Worksheet Pack to guide practice problems.

Independent Practice

Distribute the independent practice worksheets from the TeachTastic Worksheet Pack. Students will complete problems on their own, such as:

  • "If 4 + 5 = 9, then 9 - 5 = ?"
    • Solution: 9 - 5 = 4
  • "If 6 + 2 = 8, then 8 - 2 = ?"
    • Solution: 8 - 2 = 6
  • "If 7 + 3 = 10, then 10 - 3 = ?"
    • Solution: 10 - 3 = 7 Circulate the room to provide assistance as needed and ensure students are correctly relating the sentences.

Differentiation

Support

  • Offer additional practice with flashcards for students who need it.
  • Provide step-by-step written guides for relating addition and subtraction sentences.
  • Pair students who are struggling with a peer tutor for additional support.

Step-by-Step Guide for Relating Addition and Subtraction Sentences

  1. Identify the Addition Sentence:

    • Look at the given addition sentence. For example, "5 + 4 = 9."

  2. Write the Related Addition Sentence:

    • Reverse the order of the addends to form another addition sentence. For example, "4 + 5 = 9."

  3. Identify the Subtraction Sentences:

    • Use the sum from the addition sentences and each of the addends to form the related subtraction sentences. For example, "9 - 5 = 4" and "9 - 4 = 5."

  4. Combine the Sentences into a Fact Family:

    • Write all four sentences together to form a complete fact family. For example:
      • 5+4=9
      • 4+5=9
      • 9−5=4
      • 9−4=5

Extension

  • Provide more challenging problems involving larger numbers.
  • Incorporate the concept of fact families into more complex arithmetic problems.
  • Challenge students to create their own fact families and explain them to the class.

Assessment

Use the assessment worksheets from the TeachTastic Worksheet Pack to evaluate students' mastery of relating addition and subtraction sentences. Include a mix of straightforward and more complex problems to ensure comprehensive understanding.

Review and closing

Summarize the key points of the lesson, emphasizing the relationship between addition and subtraction sentences through fact families. Address any common misconceptions and answer any student questions. Encourage students to share their thoughts on the lesson and any challenges they faced.

Misconceptions

  • Students may think that subtraction does not relate to addition.
    • Clarify that addition and subtraction are inverse operations.
  • Students may confuse the order of numbers in subtraction sentences.
    • Emphasize the importance of starting with the total in subtraction.
  • Students may forget to include all four sentences in the fact family.
    • Reinforce the structure of a fact family and its completeness.
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