LEARNING PROGRESSION
PREREQUISITE SKILL
- Students will be able to represent addition to 5 using drawings and equations.
- Students will be able to understand the meaning of the = sign when combining two groups for a new total.
EXTENSION SKILL
Subtraction up to 10 - With Pictures To 10
DURATION
45 minutes
MATERIALS
- Whiteboard and markers
- Pencils and paper
- Counting manipulatives (e.g., counters, buttons, or beads)
- Picture cards with simple illustrations (e.g., apples, balls, or animals)
VOCABULARY
- subtract
TEACHING RESOURCES
CENTERS & TASK CARDS
No Centers or Task Cards Available
IEP GOAL WORKBOOKS
No Goals Available
WORKSHEET PACKS
No Worksheet Packs Available
5 AND 1 INTERVENTIONS
No Interventions Available
GAMES
No Games Available
ACTIVITIES
No Activities Available
LESSON INSTRUCTION
INTRODUCTION
Begin the lesson by gathering the students in a circle and displaying a picture card with five objects, such as apples. Ask the students how many apples they see. After counting together, state that today, we will learn how to take away or subtract some apples from the group.
INSTRUCTION
Explain that subtraction means taking away or finding out how many are left after some objects are removed. Write a subtraction equation on the whiteboard, for example: "5 - 2 =", and explain that we are going to take away 2 apples from the group of 5.
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Modeling Subtraction: Begin by physically removing 2 apples from the group and counting aloud how many are left. Write down the equation "5 - 2 = 3" on the whiteboard, emphasizing that this is our answer.
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Using Pictures: Show pictures of apples on the whiteboard or flashcards and ask students to cross out the number of apples that need to be subtracted to find the answer.
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Reinforce Language: Use subtraction-related language, such as "take away," "remove," and "how many are left?" to reinforce the concept.
GUIDED PRACTICE
Distribute pencils and paper to each student. Display different picture cards with varying numbers of objects (1 to 5) on the whiteboard. Ask students to write down the subtraction equation based on the pictures and solve it. Provide guidance and support as they work through several examples together.
INDEPENDENT PRACTICE
Give each student a worksheet with pictures of objects. Instruct them to complete the subtraction equations independently by crossing out the appropriate number of objects and writing the answers.
HOMEWORK
Assign homework that includes simple subtraction problems using pictures. Encourage students to practice with their parents or guardians and return the completed assignment the next day.
EXIT TICKET
Have students draw a picture of their choice with objects and write a subtraction equation to represent it. Collect the exit cards to assess their understanding.
ASSESSMENT
Assess students' understanding by reviewing their completed worksheets and exit cards. Ensure they can accurately perform subtraction with pictures and provide additional support as needed.
CLOSURE
Summarize the key points of the lesson by emphasizing that subtraction means taking away objects to find the difference. Reiterate the importance of understanding this fundamental concept for future math learning.
EXTENSION
For students who demonstrate proficiency, provide more challenging subtraction problems involving larger numbers or multiple steps. Encourage them to create their own subtraction scenarios with pictures.
INTERVENTION
For students who struggle, offer additional practice opportunities with manipulatives, provide simplified subtraction problems, or offer one-on-one guidance during independent practice. Use visual aids, like drawings or illustrations, to reinforce the concept of subtraction.
VIDEOS
No Video Available
TEACHING TIPS
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Concrete Manipulatives: Use physical objects like counters or buttons during the introduction to make subtraction tangible for young learners. This hands-on approach reinforces the concept of taking away.
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Variety of Pictures: Incorporate a variety of pictures in the practice and independent activities. This helps students generalize their understanding of subtraction beyond a single context.
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Visual Reinforcement: Create a subtraction bulletin board where students can display their pictures and equations. This visual representation reinforces the learning process and provides a reference point.
STUDENT MISCONCEPTIONS
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Confusing Order: Some students might initially reverse the order of subtraction (e.g., 3 - 2 as 2 - 3). Emphasize the importance of starting with the larger number when taking away.
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Counting Objects Twice: Students might count objects both when taking away and when finding the answer. Encourage them to only count once when subtracting.
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Lack of Differentiation: Some students may struggle to differentiate between addition and subtraction. Continuously highlight the difference by using subtraction-specific language and symbols.
STANDARD
Common Core Standard:
K.OA.A.1 Part 1 - Represent addition with objects, fingers, mental images, drawings, sounds (e.g., claps), acting out situations, verbal explanations, expressions, or equations.